diff --git a/0_python/0-ipython_notebook.ipynb b/0_python/0-ipython_notebook.ipynb index fb7b337..e21472c 100644 --- a/0_python/0-ipython_notebook.ipynb +++ b/0_python/0-ipython_notebook.ipynb @@ -336,6 +336,7 @@ "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 10, "metadata": { + "collapsed": true, "podoc": { "output_text": "Screenshot of the pager" } @@ -362,7 +363,7 @@ "name": "python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "pygments_lexer": "ipython3", - "version": "3.7.9" + "version": "3.5.4" } }, "nbformat": 4, diff --git a/0_python/1_Basics.ipynb b/0_python/1_Basics.ipynb index 8ee281a..44e455d 100644 --- a/0_python/1_Basics.ipynb +++ b/0_python/1_Basics.ipynb @@ -22,24 +22,28 @@ { "data": { "text/plain": [ - "['.ipynb_checkpoints',\n", - " 'Python.pdf',\n", - " '1_Basics_EN.ipynb',\n", - " '2_Print_Statement_EN.ipynb',\n", - " '4_Data_Structure_2_EN.ipynb',\n", - " '5_Control_Flow_EN.ipynb',\n", - " '6_Function_EN.ipynb',\n", - " 'README.md',\n", - " 'README_EN.md',\n", + "['0-ipython_notebook.ipynb',\n", + " '0-ipython_notebook_EN.ipynb',\n", " '1_Basics.ipynb',\n", + " '1_Basics_EN.ipynb',\n", " '2_Print_Statement.ipynb',\n", + " '2_Print_Statement_EN.ipynb',\n", " '3_Data_Structure_1.ipynb',\n", " '3_Data_Structure_1_EN.ipynb',\n", " '4_Data_Structure_2.ipynb',\n", + " '4_Data_Structure_2_EN.ipynb',\n", " '5_Control_Flow.ipynb',\n", + " '5_Control_Flow_EN.ipynb',\n", " '6_Function.ipynb',\n", + " '6_Function_EN.ipynb',\n", " '7_Class.ipynb',\n", - " '7_Class_EN.ipynb']" + " '7_Class_EN.ipynb',\n", + " 'Python.pdf',\n", + " 'README.md',\n", + " 'README_ENG.md',\n", + " 'images',\n", + " 'test.txt',\n", + " '.ipynb_checkpoints']" ] }, "execution_count": 1, @@ -130,8 +134,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 2, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "x = 2\n", @@ -141,7 +147,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 3, + "execution_count": 4, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -165,8 +171,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 4, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 5, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "x = y = 1" @@ -174,7 +182,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 5, + "execution_count": 6, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -220,7 +228,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 6, + "execution_count": 7, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -229,7 +237,7 @@ "3" ] }, - "execution_count": 6, + "execution_count": 7, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -240,7 +248,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 7, + "execution_count": 8, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -249,7 +257,7 @@ "1" ] }, - "execution_count": 7, + "execution_count": 8, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -260,7 +268,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 6, + "execution_count": 9, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -269,7 +277,7 @@ "2" ] }, - "execution_count": 6, + "execution_count": 9, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -280,7 +288,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 8, + "execution_count": 10, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -289,7 +297,7 @@ "0.5" ] }, - "execution_count": 8, + "execution_count": 10, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -307,7 +315,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 9, + "execution_count": 11, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -316,7 +324,7 @@ "0.5" ] }, - "execution_count": 9, + "execution_count": 11, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -327,7 +335,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 10, + "execution_count": 12, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -336,7 +344,7 @@ "0.5" ] }, - "execution_count": 10, + "execution_count": 12, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -347,7 +355,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 9, + "execution_count": 13, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -356,7 +364,7 @@ "5" ] }, - "execution_count": 9, + "execution_count": 13, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -374,7 +382,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 10, + "execution_count": 14, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -383,7 +391,7 @@ "1.0" ] }, - "execution_count": 10, + "execution_count": 14, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -415,8 +423,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 12, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 15, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "z = 1" @@ -424,7 +434,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 13, + "execution_count": 16, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -433,7 +443,7 @@ "True" ] }, - "execution_count": 13, + "execution_count": 16, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -444,7 +454,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 14, + "execution_count": 17, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -453,7 +463,7 @@ "False" ] }, - "execution_count": 14, + "execution_count": 17, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -485,8 +495,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 11, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 18, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "a = 2 #10\n", @@ -495,7 +507,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 12, + "execution_count": 19, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -514,7 +526,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 13, + "execution_count": 20, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -523,7 +535,7 @@ "2" ] }, - "execution_count": 13, + "execution_count": 20, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -545,7 +557,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 19, + "execution_count": 21, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -554,7 +566,7 @@ "10" ] }, - "execution_count": 19, + "execution_count": 21, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -604,7 +616,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 14, + "execution_count": 22, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -613,7 +625,7 @@ "'0xaa'" ] }, - "execution_count": 14, + "execution_count": 22, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -624,7 +636,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 15, + "execution_count": 23, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -633,7 +645,7 @@ "170" ] }, - "execution_count": 15, + "execution_count": 23, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -644,7 +656,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 16, + "execution_count": 24, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -653,7 +665,7 @@ "'0o10'" ] }, - "execution_count": 16, + "execution_count": 24, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -671,7 +683,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 17, + "execution_count": 25, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -699,7 +711,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 18, + "execution_count": 26, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -725,7 +737,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 24, + "execution_count": 27, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -734,7 +746,7 @@ "'b'" ] }, - "execution_count": 24, + "execution_count": 27, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -745,7 +757,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 25, + "execution_count": 28, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -754,7 +766,7 @@ "98" ] }, - "execution_count": 25, + "execution_count": 28, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -767,7 +779,7 @@ "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ - "### 4.2 简化算术运算" + "### 4.2 数值函数" ] }, { @@ -779,7 +791,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 26, + "execution_count": 29, "metadata": { "scrolled": false }, @@ -807,7 +819,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 19, + "execution_count": 30, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -832,7 +844,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 20, + "execution_count": 31, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -841,7 +853,7 @@ "(4, 1)" ] }, - "execution_count": 20, + "execution_count": 31, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -859,7 +871,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 29, + "execution_count": 32, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -887,7 +899,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 21, + "execution_count": 33, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -913,7 +925,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 24, + "execution_count": 38, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -948,14 +960,14 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 25, + "execution_count": 35, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ - "Type something here and it will be stored in variable abc \t20\n" + "Type something here and it will be stored in variable abc \thello\n" ] } ], @@ -965,7 +977,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 26, + "execution_count": 36, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -974,7 +986,7 @@ "str" ] }, - "execution_count": 26, + "execution_count": 36, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -1000,7 +1012,7 @@ "name": "python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "pygments_lexer": "ipython3", - "version": "3.7.9" + "version": "3.5.4" } }, "nbformat": 4, diff --git a/0_python/2_Print_Statement.ipynb b/0_python/2_Print_Statement.ipynb index 4d9b5e9..8ff3ded 100644 --- a/0_python/2_Print_Statement.ipynb +++ b/0_python/2_Print_Statement.ipynb @@ -20,6 +20,13 @@ ] }, { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "**需要注意的是，Python2中`print`是一个语句，但是在Python3变成函数，打印的内容需要用`()`括起来**" + ] + }, + { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 1, "metadata": {}, @@ -40,9 +47,9 @@ "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ - "在Python中，单引号、双引号和三引号用于表示字符串。\n", - "大部分单引号用于声明一个字符。\n", - "声明一行时使用双引号，声明段落/多行时使用三引号。" + "在Python中，**单引号**、**双引号**和**三引号**用于表示字符串。\n", + "* 大部分单引号用于声明一个字符。\n", + "* 声明一行时使用双引号，声明段落/多行时使用三引号。" ] }, { @@ -93,7 +100,7 @@ "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ - "字符串可以分配给变量 _string1_ 和string2，使用`print`语句时可以调用。" + "字符串可以分配给变量 `string1` 和 `string2`，使用`print`语句时可以调用。" ] }, { @@ -148,7 +155,7 @@ "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ - "**%s** 用于引用包含字符串的变量。" + "`%s` 用于引用包含字符串的变量。" ] }, { @@ -585,7 +592,7 @@ "name": "python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "pygments_lexer": "ipython3", - "version": "3.6.9" + "version": "3.5.4" } }, "nbformat": 4, diff --git a/0_python/3_Data_Structure_1.ipynb b/0_python/3_Data_Structure_1.ipynb index 8059469..d2e680a 100644 --- a/0_python/3_Data_Structure_1.ipynb +++ b/0_python/3_Data_Structure_1.ipynb @@ -4,14 +4,16 @@ "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ - "# 数据结构1" + "# 数据结构 - 1" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ - "数据结构是计算机存储、组织数据的方式，简单来说是指相互之间存在一种或多种特定关系的数据元素的集合" + "数据结构是计算机存储、组织数据的方式，简单来说是指相互之间存在一种或多种特定关系的数据元素的集合。\n", + "\n", + "Python中的数据结构设计的非常巧妙，使用起来非常方便，几乎绝大多数的数据结构都可以通过`list`, `tuple`, `dict`, `string`, `set`等表示，因此用户几乎不需要自己定义数据结构，仅仅使用Python内置的数据结构即可完成非常复杂的算法。" ] }, { @@ -33,7 +35,9 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 1, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "a = []" @@ -152,7 +156,9 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 7, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "y = ['carrot','potato']" @@ -207,10 +213,9 @@ "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ - "如果您不了解在Python中索引是如何工作的，那么在嵌套列表中索引可能会非常令人困惑。所以让我们把它分解一下，然后得出一个结论。\n", - "\n", - "让我们在上述嵌套列表中获得数据'apple'。\n", - "首先在索引为0处，有一个列表`['apple','orange']` 而在索引为1处有另外一个列表`['carrot','potato']` 。因此z[0] 应该给我们第一个包含'apple'的列表。" + "如何获得嵌套列表中的某个元素？让我们在上述嵌套列表中获得数据'apple'为例。\n", + "* 首先在索引为0处，有一个列表`['apple','orange']` 而在索引为1处有另外一个列表`['carrot','potato']` 。\n", + "* 因此z[0] 应该给我们第一个包含'apple'的列表。" ] }, { @@ -303,9 +308,9 @@ "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ - "索引只限于访问单个元素，而切片则是访问列表内的一系列数据。换句话说，“切片”列表。\n", + "索引只限于访问单个元素，而切片则是访问列表内的一系列数据。换句话说，`切片`返回的是一个列表。\n", "\n", - "切片是通过定义切片列表中需要的父列表中的第一个元素和最后一个元素的索引值来完成的。它被写成parentlist[a: b]，其中a,b是父列表的索引值。如果a或b未定义，则认为该索引值是a未定义时的第一个值，以及b未定义时的最后一个值。" + "切片是通过定义切片列表中需要的父列表中的第一个元素和最后一个元素的索引值来完成的。它被写成parentlist[a: b]，其中`a`,`b`是父列表的索引值。如果`a`或`b`未定义，则认为该索引值是`a`未定义时的第一个值，以及`b`未定义时的最后一个值。" ] }, { @@ -471,7 +476,7 @@ "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ - "列表可以通过添加'+'来连接。生成的列表将包含添加的列表的所有元素。结果列表将不是嵌套列表。" + "列表可以通过添加\"`+`\"来连接。生成的列表将包含添加的列表的所有元素。结果列表将不是嵌套列表。" ] }, { @@ -504,7 +509,9 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 22, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "names = ['Earth','Air','Fire','Water']" @@ -587,7 +594,9 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 24, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "mlist = ['bzaa','ds','nc','az','z','klm']" @@ -622,7 +631,9 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 26, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "nlist = ['1','94','93','1000']" @@ -722,7 +733,9 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 30, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "lst = [1,1,4,8,7]" @@ -783,7 +796,9 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 33, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "lst1 = [5,4,2,8]" @@ -1252,7 +1267,9 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 59, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "lista= [2,1,4,3]" @@ -1333,7 +1350,9 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 63, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "lista = [2,1,4,3]" @@ -1465,7 +1484,9 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 69, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "tup = ()\n", @@ -1593,7 +1614,9 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 80, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "(a,b,c)= ('alpha','beta','gamma')" @@ -1782,7 +1805,9 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 89, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "set1 = set([1,2,3])" @@ -1791,7 +1816,9 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 90, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "set2 = set([2,3,4,5])" @@ -1928,107 +1955,15 @@ "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ - "**symmetric_difference( )** 函数输出一个函数，该函数包含一个集合中的元素。" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 95, - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "data": { - "text/plain": [ - "{0, 1, 4, 5}" - ] - }, - "execution_count": 95, - "metadata": {}, - "output_type": "execute_result" - } - ], - "source": [ - "set2.symmetric_difference(set1)" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "markdown", - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "**issubset( ), isdisjoint( ), issuperset( )** 分别用于检查set1/set2是否是set2/set1的子集、不相交或超集。" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 96, - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "data": { - "text/plain": [ - "False" - ] - }, - "execution_count": 96, - "metadata": {}, - "output_type": "execute_result" - } - ], - "source": [ - "set1.issubset(set2)" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 97, - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "data": { - "text/plain": [ - "False" - ] - }, - "execution_count": 97, - "metadata": {}, - "output_type": "execute_result" - } - ], - "source": [ - "set2.isdisjoint(set1)" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 97, - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "data": { - "text/plain": [ - "False" - ] - }, - "execution_count": 97, - "metadata": {}, - "output_type": "execute_result" - } - ], - "source": [ - "set2.issuperset(set1)" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "markdown", - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ "**pop( )** 是用来移除集合中的任意元素。" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 115, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "set1=set([10, 9, 1, 2, 4])" @@ -2125,7 +2060,7 @@ "name": "python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "pygments_lexer": "ipython3", - "version": "3.7.9" + "version": "3.5.4" } }, "nbformat": 4, diff --git a/0_python/4_Data_Structure_2.ipynb b/0_python/4_Data_Structure_2.ipynb index d87cb72..56f5f02 100644 --- a/0_python/4_Data_Structure_2.ipynb +++ b/0_python/4_Data_Structure_2.ipynb @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ - "# 数据结构2\n", + "# 数据结构 - 2\n", "\n", "## 1. 字符串" ] @@ -19,7 +19,9 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 2, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "String0 = 'Taj Mahal is beautiful'\n", @@ -663,7 +665,9 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 27, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "f = ' hello '" @@ -706,7 +710,9 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 29, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "f = ' ***----hello---******* '" @@ -902,7 +908,9 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 5, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "names = ['One', 'Two', 'Three', 'Four', 'Five']\n", @@ -1190,7 +1198,7 @@ "name": "python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "pygments_lexer": "ipython3", - "version": "3.7.9" + "version": "3.5.4" } }, "nbformat": 4, diff --git a/0_python/5_Control_Flow.ipynb b/0_python/5_Control_Flow.ipynb index 0521860..deb07a3 100644 --- a/0_python/5_Control_Flow.ipynb +++ b/0_python/5_Control_Flow.ipynb @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 5, + "execution_count": 1, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 6, + "execution_count": 5, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 3, + "execution_count": 6, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 12, + "execution_count": 10, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 9, + "execution_count": 11, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 10, + "execution_count": 12, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 1, + "execution_count": 13, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -498,7 +498,7 @@ "[27, 54, 81, 108, 135, 162, 189, 216, 243, 270]" ] }, - "execution_count": 1, + "execution_count": 13, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -523,7 +523,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 12, + "execution_count": 14, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -532,7 +532,7 @@ "[27, 54, 81, 108, 135, 162, 189, 216, 243, 270]" ] }, - "execution_count": 12, + "execution_count": 14, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 13, + "execution_count": 15, "metadata": { "scrolled": true }, @@ -563,7 +563,7 @@ " '81': 81}" ] }, - "execution_count": 13, + "execution_count": 15, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -574,7 +574,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 14, + "execution_count": 16, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ "(27, 54, 81, 108, 135, 162, 189, 216, 243, 270)" ] }, - "execution_count": 14, + "execution_count": 16, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -601,71 +601,22 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 15, + "execution_count": 17, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ - "[1,\n", - " 2,\n", - " 3,\n", - " 4,\n", - " 5,\n", - " 6,\n", - " 7,\n", - " 8,\n", - " 9,\n", - " 10,\n", - " 28,\n", - " 29,\n", - " 30,\n", - " 31,\n", - " 32,\n", - " 33,\n", - " 34,\n", - " 35,\n", - " 36,\n", - " 37,\n", - " 55,\n", - " 56,\n", - " 57,\n", - " 58,\n", - " 59,\n", - " 60,\n", - " 61,\n", - " 62,\n", - " 63,\n", - " 64,\n", - " 82,\n", - " 83,\n", - " 84,\n", - " 85,\n", - " 86,\n", - " 87,\n", - " 88,\n", - " 89,\n", - " 90,\n", - " 91,\n", - " 109,\n", - " 110,\n", - " 111,\n", - " 112,\n", - " 113,\n", - " 114,\n", - " 115,\n", - " 116,\n", - " 117,\n", - " 118]" + "[1, 2, 3, 4, 28, 29, 30, 31, 55, 56, 57, 58]" ] }, - "execution_count": 15, + "execution_count": 17, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ - "[27*i+z for i in range(50) if i<5 for z in range(1,11)]" + "[27*i+z for i in range(5) if i<3 for z in range(1,5)]" ] } ], @@ -685,7 +636,7 @@ "name": "python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "pygments_lexer": "ipython3", - "version": "3.7.9" + "version": "3.5.4" } }, "nbformat": 4, diff --git a/0_python/6_Function.ipynb b/0_python/6_Function.ipynb index f54c51c..b81d8e0 100644 --- a/0_python/6_Function.ipynb +++ b/0_python/6_Function.ipynb @@ -46,14 +46,14 @@ "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ - "Hey Rajath!\n", - "Rajath, How do you do?\n" + "Hey Jack!\n", + "Jack, How do you do?\n" ] } ], "source": [ - "print(\"Hey Rajath!\")\n", - "print(\"Rajath, How do you do?\")" + "print(\"Hey Jack!\")\n", + "print(\"Jack, How do you do?\")" ] }, { @@ -67,28 +67,30 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 3, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 2, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "def first_func():\n", - " print(\"Hey Rajath!\")\n", - " print(\"Rajath, How do you do?\")" + " print(\"Hey Jack!\")\n", + " print(\"Jack, How do you do?\")" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 4, + "execution_count": 3, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ - "Hey Rajath!\n", - "Rajath, How do you do?\n", - "Hey Rajath!\n", - "Rajath, How do you do?\n" + "Hey Jack!\n", + "Jack, How do you do?\n", + "Hey Jack!\n", + "Jack, How do you do?\n" ] } ], @@ -107,8 +109,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 6, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 4, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "def first_func(username):\n", @@ -118,7 +122,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 7, + "execution_count": 5, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -142,7 +146,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 8, + "execution_count": 6, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -167,8 +171,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 9, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 7, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "def first_func(username):\n", @@ -181,16 +187,16 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 10, + "execution_count": 8, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ - "Please enter your name : Joe\n", - "Hey Joe!\n", - "Joe, How do you do?\n" + "Please enter your name : Tom\n", + "Hey Tom!\n", + "Tom, How do you do?\n" ] } ], @@ -214,8 +220,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 11, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 9, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "def times(x,y):\n", @@ -232,7 +240,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 12, + "execution_count": 10, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -264,8 +272,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 13, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 11, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "def times(x,y):\n", @@ -275,7 +285,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 14, + "execution_count": 12, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -300,7 +310,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 16, + "execution_count": 13, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -321,8 +331,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 17, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 14, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "times?" @@ -337,8 +349,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 18, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 15, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "eglist = [10,50,30,12,6,8,100]" @@ -346,8 +360,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 19, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 16, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "def egfunc(eglist):\n", @@ -367,7 +383,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 20, + "execution_count": 17, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -385,7 +401,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 23, + "execution_count": 18, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -420,11 +436,13 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 22, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 20, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ - "def implicitadd(x, addnumber=3):\n", + "def implicit_add(x, addnumber=3):\n", " return x+addnumber" ] }, @@ -432,19 +450,19 @@ "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ - "**implicitadd( )** 是一个函数接受两个参数，但大多数时候第一个参数只需要加3。因此，第二个参数被赋值为3。这里第二个参数是隐式的。" + "**implicit_add( )** 是一个函数接受两个参数，但大多数时候第一个参数只需要加3。因此，第二个参数被赋值为3。这里第二个参数是隐式的。" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ - "现在，如果在调用**implicitadd()** 函数时没有定义第二个参数，则将其视为3。" + "现在，如果在调用**implicit_add()** 函数时没有定义第二个参数，则将其视为3。" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 23, + "execution_count": 21, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -453,13 +471,13 @@ "7" ] }, - "execution_count": 23, + "execution_count": 21, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ - "implicitadd(4)" + "implicit_add(4)" ] }, { @@ -471,7 +489,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 24, + "execution_count": 22, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -480,18 +498,18 @@ "8" ] }, - "execution_count": 24, + "execution_count": 22, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ - "implicitadd(4,4)" + "implicit_add(4,4)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 25, + "execution_count": 23, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -500,13 +518,13 @@ "11" ] }, - "execution_count": 25, + "execution_count": 23, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ - "implicitadd(5, addnumber=6)" + "implicit_add(5, addnumber=6)" ] }, { @@ -525,8 +543,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 26, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 24, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "def add_n(*args):\n", @@ -547,7 +567,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 27, + "execution_count": 25, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -563,7 +583,7 @@ "15" ] }, - "execution_count": 27, + "execution_count": 25, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -574,7 +594,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 28, + "execution_count": 26, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -590,7 +610,7 @@ "6" ] }, - "execution_count": 28, + "execution_count": 26, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -600,15 +620,22 @@ ] }, { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "参数列表也可以通过 \"param_name = value\" 的形式传入到函数" + ] + }, + { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 29, + "execution_count": 27, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ - "[10, 20, 30]\n" + "[30, 10, 20]\n" ] }, { @@ -617,7 +644,7 @@ "60" ] }, - "execution_count": 29, + "execution_count": 27, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -645,13 +672,15 @@ "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ - "在函数内部声明的变量是局部变量，在函数外部声明的是全局变量。" + "在函数内部声明的变量是局部变量，生命周期限于函数执行期间；在函数外部声明的是全局变量。" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 31, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 28, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "eg1 = [1,2,3,4,5]" @@ -666,8 +695,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 32, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 29, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "def egfunc1():\n", @@ -686,7 +717,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 33, + "execution_count": 30, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -732,8 +763,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 34, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 31, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "z = lambda x: x * x" @@ -741,7 +774,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 35, + "execution_count": 32, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -750,7 +783,7 @@ "64" ] }, - "execution_count": 35, + "execution_count": 32, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -761,7 +794,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 36, + "execution_count": 33, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -770,7 +803,7 @@ "(6, 8)" ] }, - "execution_count": 36, + "execution_count": 33, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -782,7 +815,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 37, + "execution_count": 34, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -791,7 +824,7 @@ "function" ] }, - "execution_count": 37, + "execution_count": 34, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -802,7 +835,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 38, + "execution_count": 35, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -811,7 +844,7 @@ "function" ] }, - "execution_count": 38, + "execution_count": 35, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -839,8 +872,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 39, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 36, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "list1 = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]" @@ -848,7 +883,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 41, + "execution_count": 37, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -866,7 +901,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 42, + "execution_count": 38, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -891,8 +926,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 43, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 39, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "list2 = [9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1]" @@ -900,7 +937,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 44, + "execution_count": 40, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -925,14 +962,14 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 62, + "execution_count": 41, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ - "\n" + "\n" ] } ], @@ -957,8 +994,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 45, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 42, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "list1 = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]" @@ -973,7 +1012,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 46, + "execution_count": 43, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -998,16 +1037,16 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 47, + "execution_count": 44, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ - "" + "" ] }, - "execution_count": 47, + "execution_count": 44, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -1025,16 +1064,16 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 65, + "execution_count": 45, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ - "" + "" ] }, - "execution_count": 65, + "execution_count": 45, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -1060,7 +1099,7 @@ "name": "python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "pygments_lexer": "ipython3", - "version": "3.7.9" + "version": "3.5.4" } }, "nbformat": 4, diff --git a/0_python/7_Class.ipynb b/0_python/7_Class.ipynb index d16cf7f..78cf535 100644 --- a/0_python/7_Class.ipynb +++ b/0_python/7_Class.ipynb @@ -35,7 +35,9 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 1, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "# 一个最简单的类\n", @@ -60,7 +62,9 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 2, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "egclass = FirstClass()" @@ -124,38 +128,7 @@ "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ - "这有助于简化实例的初始化过程。例如,\n", - "\n", - "在不使用魔法方法或被成为构造函数的`__init__`的情况下，我们必须定义一个**init()** 方法并调用**init()** 函数。" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 4, - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "ename": "AttributeError", - "evalue": "'FirstClass' object has no attribute 'init'", - "output_type": "error", - "traceback": [ - "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m", - "\u001b[0;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)", - "\u001b[0;32m\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 1\u001b[0m \u001b[0meg0\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mFirstClass\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 2\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0meg0\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0minit\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m", - "\u001b[0;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m: 'FirstClass' object has no attribute 'init'" - ] - } - ], - "source": [ - "eg0 = FirstClass()\n", - "eg0.init()" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "markdown", - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "但是当构造函数被定义后，`__init__`被调用，这样初始化实例被创建。" + "当构造函数被定义后，`__init__`被调用，这样初始化实例被创建。" ] }, { @@ -169,16 +142,18 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 5, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 1, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "class FirstClass:\n", " \"\"\"My first class\"\"\"\n", " class_var = 10\n", - " def __init__(self,name,symbol):\n", + " def __init__(self,name,value):\n", " self.name = name\n", - " self.symbol = symbol" + " self.value = value" ] }, { @@ -190,8 +165,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 6, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 2, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "eg1 = FirstClass('one',1)\n", @@ -200,7 +177,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 8, + "execution_count": 3, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -214,8 +191,8 @@ } ], "source": [ - "print(eg1.name, eg1.symbol)\n", - "print(eg2.name, eg2.symbol)\n", + "print(eg1.name, eg1.value)\n", + "print(eg2.name, eg2.value)\n", "print(eg1.__doc__)" ] }, @@ -228,7 +205,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 12, + "execution_count": 4, "metadata": { "scrolled": false }, @@ -248,7 +225,6 @@ " '__gt__',\n", " '__hash__',\n", " '__init__',\n", - " '__init_subclass__',\n", " '__le__',\n", " '__lt__',\n", " '__module__',\n", @@ -265,7 +241,7 @@ " 'class_var']" ] }, - "execution_count": 12, + "execution_count": 4, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -276,7 +252,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 14, + "execution_count": 5, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -285,7 +261,7 @@ "'My first class'" ] }, - "execution_count": 14, + "execution_count": 5, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -303,7 +279,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 15, + "execution_count": 6, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -321,7 +297,6 @@ " '__gt__',\n", " '__hash__',\n", " '__init__',\n", - " '__init_subclass__',\n", " '__le__',\n", " '__lt__',\n", " '__module__',\n", @@ -337,10 +312,10 @@ " '__weakref__',\n", " 'class_var',\n", " 'name',\n", - " 'symbol']" + " 'value']" ] }, - "execution_count": 15, + "execution_count": 6, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -358,14 +333,16 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 14, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 7, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "class FirstClass:\n", - " def __init__(self,name,symbol):\n", + " def __init__(self,name,value):\n", " self.n = name\n", - " self.s = symbol" + " self.v = value" ] }, { @@ -377,8 +354,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 15, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 8, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "eg1 = FirstClass('one',1)\n", @@ -387,7 +366,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 16, + "execution_count": 9, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -397,7 +376,7 @@ "traceback": [ "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m", "\u001b[0;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)", - "\u001b[0;32m\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0meg1\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mname\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0meg1\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0msymbol\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m 2\u001b[0m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0meg2\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mname\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0meg2\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0msymbol\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n", + "\u001b[0;32m\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0meg1\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mname\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0meg1\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0msymbol\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m 2\u001b[0m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0meg2\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mname\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0meg2\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0msymbol\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n", "\u001b[0;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m: 'FirstClass' object has no attribute 'name'" ] } @@ -416,7 +395,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 17, + "execution_count": 10, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -434,7 +413,6 @@ " '__gt__',\n", " '__hash__',\n", " '__init__',\n", - " '__init_subclass__',\n", " '__le__',\n", " '__lt__',\n", " '__module__',\n", @@ -449,10 +427,10 @@ " '__subclasshook__',\n", " '__weakref__',\n", " 'n',\n", - " 's']" + " 'v']" ] }, - "execution_count": 17, + "execution_count": 10, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -463,7 +441,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 18, + "execution_count": 11, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -476,8 +454,8 @@ } ], "source": [ - "print(eg1.n, eg1.s)\n", - "print(eg2.n, eg2.s)" + "print(eg1.n, eg1.v)\n", + "print(eg2.n, eg2.v)" ] }, { @@ -486,29 +464,33 @@ "source": [ "现在我们解决了这个错误。现在让我们比较一下我们看到的两个例子。\n", "\n", - "当我声明self.name和self.symbol时，使用eg1.name和eg1.symbol没有属性错误。当我声明self.n和self.s时，使用eg1.n和eg1.s没有属性错误。\n", + "当我声明self.name和self.value，使用eg1.name和eg1.value没有属性错误。当我声明self.n和self.s时，使用eg1.n和eg1.s没有属性错误。\n", "\n", - "从以上我们可以得出self就是实例本身。\n", + "从以上我们可以得出**self**就是实例本身。\n", "\n", - "记住，self不是预定义的，它是用户定义的。你可以利用任何你觉得舒服的东西。但是使用self已经成为一种常见的做法。" + "记住，**self**不是Python的关键词，它是用户定义的。你可以利用任何你觉得舒服的东西。但是使用self已经成为一种常见的做法。" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 21, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 12, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "class FirstClass:\n", - " def __init__(asdf1234,name,symbol):\n", + " def __init__(asdf1234,name,value):\n", " asdf1234.n = name\n", - " asdf1234.s = symbol" + " asdf1234.v = value" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 21, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 13, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "eg1 = FirstClass('one',1)\n", @@ -517,7 +499,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 22, + "execution_count": 14, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -530,8 +512,8 @@ } ], "source": [ - "print(eg1.n, eg1.s)\n", - "print(eg2.n, eg2.s)" + "print(eg1.n, eg1.v)\n", + "print(eg2.n, eg2.v)" ] }, { @@ -543,8 +525,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 23, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 15, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "eg1.cube = 1\n", @@ -553,7 +537,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 24, + "execution_count": 16, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -571,7 +555,6 @@ " '__gt__',\n", " '__hash__',\n", " '__init__',\n", - " '__init_subclass__',\n", " '__le__',\n", " '__lt__',\n", " '__module__',\n", @@ -587,10 +570,10 @@ " '__weakref__',\n", " 'cube',\n", " 'n',\n", - " 's']" + " 'v']" ] }, - "execution_count": 24, + "execution_count": 16, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -615,14 +598,16 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 19, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "class FirstClass:\n", " test = 'test'\n", - " def __init__(self,name,symbol):\n", + " def __init__(self,name,value):\n", " self.name = name\n", - " self.symbol = symbol" + " self.value = value" ] }, { @@ -634,7 +619,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 20, + "execution_count": 17, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -654,14 +639,18 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 28, + "execution_count": 18, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { - "name": "stdout", - "output_type": "stream", - "text": [ - "test Three\n" + "ename": "AttributeError", + "evalue": "'FirstClass' object has no attribute 'test'", + "output_type": "error", + "traceback": [ + "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m", + "\u001b[0;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)", + "\u001b[0;32m\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0meg3\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mtest\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0meg3\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mname\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m", + "\u001b[0;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m: 'FirstClass' object has no attribute 'test'" ] } ], @@ -678,26 +667,30 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 21, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 19, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "class FirstClass:\n", - " def __init__(self,name,symbol):\n", + " def __init__(self,name,value):\n", " self.name = name\n", - " self.symbol = symbol\n", + " self.value = value\n", " def square(self):\n", - " return self.symbol * self.symbol\n", + " return self.value * self.value\n", " def cube(self):\n", - " return self.symbol * self.symbol * self.symbol\n", + " return self.value * self.value * self.value\n", " def multiply(self, x):\n", - " return self.symbol * x" + " return self.value * x" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 22, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 20, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "eg4 = FirstClass('Five',5)" @@ -705,7 +698,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 23, + "execution_count": 21, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -724,7 +717,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 33, + "execution_count": 22, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -733,7 +726,7 @@ "10" ] }, - "execution_count": 33, + "execution_count": 22, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -751,7 +744,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 34, + "execution_count": 23, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -760,7 +753,7 @@ "10" ] }, - "execution_count": 34, + "execution_count": 23, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -792,8 +785,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 24, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 25, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "class Person:\n", @@ -807,23 +802,23 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 25, + "execution_count": 26, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ - "a = Person('Kartik',26)" + "a = Person('Jerry',26)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 26, + "execution_count": 27, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ - "Kartik earns 40000\n" + "Jerry earns 40000\n" ] } ], @@ -833,7 +828,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 27, + "execution_count": 28, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -851,7 +846,6 @@ " '__gt__',\n", " '__hash__',\n", " '__init__',\n", - " '__init_subclass__',\n", " '__le__',\n", " '__lt__',\n", " '__module__',\n", @@ -868,7 +862,7 @@ " 'salary']" ] }, - "execution_count": 27, + "execution_count": 28, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -886,8 +880,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 28, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 29, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "class Artist:\n", @@ -904,24 +900,26 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 29, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 30, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ - "b = Artist('Nitin',20)" + "b = Artist('Nick',20)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 30, + "execution_count": 31, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ - "Nitin earns 50000\n", - "Nitin is a Musician\n" + "Nick earns 50000\n", + "Nick is a Musician\n" ] } ], @@ -932,7 +930,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 43, + "execution_count": 32, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -950,7 +948,6 @@ " '__gt__',\n", " '__hash__',\n", " '__init__',\n", - " '__init_subclass__',\n", " '__le__',\n", " '__lt__',\n", " '__module__',\n", @@ -968,7 +965,7 @@ " 'salary']" ] }, - "execution_count": 43, + "execution_count": 32, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -986,8 +983,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 32, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 33, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "class Artist(Person):\n", @@ -998,16 +997,18 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 33, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 34, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ - "c = Artist('Nishanth',21)" + "c = Artist('Tom',21)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 34, + "execution_count": 35, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { @@ -1025,7 +1026,6 @@ " '__gt__',\n", " '__hash__',\n", " '__init__',\n", - " '__init_subclass__',\n", " '__le__',\n", " '__lt__',\n", " '__module__',\n", @@ -1043,7 +1043,7 @@ " 'salary']" ] }, - "execution_count": 34, + "execution_count": 35, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -1054,15 +1054,15 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 35, + "execution_count": 36, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ - "Nishanth earns 60000\n", - "Nishanth is a Dancer\n" + "Tom earns 60000\n", + "Tom is a Dancer\n" ] } ], @@ -1081,7 +1081,9 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 37, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "class Artist(Person):\n", @@ -1096,25 +1098,27 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 51, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 38, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ - "c = Artist('Nishanth',21)" + "c = Artist('Tom',21)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 52, + "execution_count": 39, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ - "Nishanth earns 60000\n", + "Tom earns 60000\n", "I am overriding the SoftwareEngineer class's salary method\n", - "Nishanth is a Dancer\n" + "Tom is a Dancer\n" ] } ], @@ -1127,118 +1131,28 @@ "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ - "如果不确定方法将被调用多少次，那么就很难声明那么多变量来携带每个结果，因此最好声明一个列表并附加结果。" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 38, - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [], - "source": [ - "class EmptyList:\n", - " def __init__(self):\n", - " self.data = []\n", - " def one(self,x):\n", - " self.data.append(x)\n", - " def two(self, x ):\n", - " self.data.append(x**2)\n", - " def three(self, x):\n", - " self.data.append(x**3)" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 39, - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [], - "source": [ - "xc = EmptyList()" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 40, - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "name": "stdout", - "output_type": "stream", - "text": [ - "[1]\n" - ] - } - ], - "source": [ - "xc.one(1)\n", - "print(xc.data)" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "markdown", - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "因为xc.data是一个列表，直接的列表操作也是可以进行的。" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 41, - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "name": "stdout", - "output_type": "stream", - "text": [ - "[1, 8]\n" - ] - } - ], - "source": [ - "xc.data.append(8)\n", - "print(xc.data)" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 42, - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "name": "stdout", - "output_type": "stream", - "text": [ - "[1, 8, 9]\n" - ] - } - ], - "source": [ - "xc.two(3)\n", - "print(xc.data)" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "markdown", - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ "如果输入参数的数量因实例而异，则可以使用星号。" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 43, - "metadata": {}, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "class NotSure:\n", " def __init__(self, *args):\n", - " self.data = ''.join(list(args)) " + " self.data = ' '.join(list(args)) " ] }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 63, - "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 44, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "yz = NotSure('I', 'Do' , 'Not', 'Know', 'What', 'To','Type')" @@ -1246,16 +1160,16 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 64, + "execution_count": 45, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ - "'IDoNotKnowWhatToType'" + "'I Do Not Know What To Type'" ] }, - "execution_count": 64, + "execution_count": 45, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } @@ -1275,7 +1189,12 @@ "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ - "找各个方面的练习题，并独立完成能帮助你掌握Python的窍门，例如给自己一个问题并解决它们，你还可以在任何编程竞赛平台上提交问题求解。你编写的代码越多，你发现的越多，你就越开始欣赏这门语言。强烈建议把[《Python作业》](https://gitee.com/pi-lab/machinelearning_homework/blob/master/homework_01_python/README.md)完成，并在[《其他编程练习》](https://gitee.com/pi-lab/machinelearning_homework/blob/master/homework_01_python/README.md#references)里面找一些练习题或者项目做一下。\n", + "为了学好Python，仅仅看教程是不够的，需要做大量的练习题，可以使用教程里列的练习题，也可以自己找各个方面的练习题。\n", + "\n", + "* 编程比较重要的培养编程思维，如果抄别人写好的代码，发现不了Python的窍门、技巧，因此需要独立自主完成编程练习，也可以给自己出一些小项目，病解决它们，你还可以在任何编程竞赛平台上提交问题求解。\n", + "* 你编写的代码越多，你发现的越多，你就越开始欣赏这门语言。\n", + "* 强烈建议把[《Python作业》](https://gitee.com/pi-lab/machinelearning_homework/blob/master/homework_01_python/README.md)完成\n", + "* 在完成基本的编程习题之后，可以在[《其他编程练习》](https://gitee.com/pi-lab/machinelearning_homework/blob/master/homework_01_python/README.md#references)里面找一些练习题或者项目做一下。\n", "\n", "现在已经介绍了Python，可以尝试感兴趣的领域中的不同Python库。强烈建议查看这个Python框架、库和软件列表 http://awesome-python.com\n", "\n", @@ -1284,16 +1203,15 @@ "* [Python tutorial (廖雪峰）](https://www.liaoxuefeng.com/wiki/1016959663602400)\n", "* [Python基础教程](https://www.runoob.com/python/python-tutorial.html)\n", "* [Python官方教程（中文版)](https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3/tutorial/index.html)\n", - "* Python官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/\n", - "* 本教程来源于：https://github.com/rajathkumarmp/Python-Lectures \n", - "\n" + "* [Python官方文档](https://docs.python.org/3/)\n", + "* [跟海龟学Python](https://gitee.com/pi-lab/python_turtle)\n" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ - "**最后，享受解决问题的快乐！因为生命短暂，你需要Python!**" + "## **最后，享受解决问题的快乐！因为生命短暂，你需要Python!**" ] } ], @@ -1313,7 +1231,7 @@ "name": "python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "pygments_lexer": "ipython3", - "version": "3.7.9" + "version": "3.5.4" } }, "nbformat": 4, diff --git a/0_python/README.md b/0_python/README.md index 4fd250c..fbf39d0 100644 --- a/0_python/README.md +++ b/0_python/README.md @@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ Python 是一门上手简单、功能强大、通用型的脚本编程语言。P * [安装Python环境](../references_tips/InstallPython.md) * [IPython Notebooks to learn Python](https://github.com/rajathkmp/Python-Lectures) * [廖雪峰的Python教程](https://www.liaoxuefeng.com/wiki/1016959663602400) +* [跟海龟学Python](https://gitee.com/pi-lab/python_turtle) * [智能系统实验室入门教程-Python](https://gitee.com/pi-lab/SummerCamp/tree/master/python) * [Python Tips](../references_tips/python) * [Get Started with Python](Python.pdf)