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- {
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- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {
- "collapsed": true
- },
- "source": [
- "### 任务描述\n",
- "了解Python简单数据类型(数字)以及变量的定义,完成相关习题。\n",
- "\n",
- "### 相关知识\n",
- "\n",
- "#### Numbers数字"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": []
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Python 数字数据类型用于存储数值。Numbers数字分为四种类型:\n",
- "\n",
- "- 整型(Int) - 通常被称为是整型或整数,是正或负整数,不带小数点;\n",
- "- 长整型(long) - 无限大小的整数,整数最后是一个大写或小写的L,如51924361L;\n",
- "- 浮点型(float) - 浮点型由整数部分与小数部分组成,如15.20;\n",
- "- 复数(complex) - 复数由实数部分和虚数部分构成,如a + bj,复数的虚部以字母J或j结尾。如3e+26J。"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "我们已经知道数字类型可分为四种类型,那么10和10.0分别属于什么类型呢?我们可以使用type()函数查看数据类型。"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 35,
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "<class 'int'> <class 'float'>\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "# 使用print()函数输出/打印内容\n",
- "x1 = 10\n",
- "x2 = 10.0\n",
- "print(type(x1),type(x2))"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "### 认识变量\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "什么是变量?在上一个案例中,x1、x2这种等号左边的就是属于变量。 变量可以指定不同的数据类型,比如整数,小数等。\n",
- "\n",
- "#### 1、定义变量\n",
- "\n",
- "变量名=变量值\n",
- "\n",
- "其中等号=用来给变量赋值。\n",
- "\n",
- "#### 2、变量命名规则:\n",
- "① 变量名第一个字符必须是字母(大小写均可)或者下划线(“_”),不能数字开头;\n",
- "\n",
- "② 变量名不能和常用功能性名字重合,例如print,if,for;\n",
- "\n",
- "③ 不要有空格。"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "#### 变量赋值\n",
- "以下代码展示了怎么给单个变量赋值。"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 38,
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "100\n",
- "1000.0\n",
- "John\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "counter = 100 # 赋值整型变量\n",
- "miles = 1000.0 # 浮点型\n",
- "name = \"John\" # 字符串\n",
- " \n",
- "print(counter)\n",
- "print(miles)\n",
- "print(name)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "#### 多变量赋值\n",
- "以下代码展示了怎么给多个变量同时赋值。"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 31,
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "1 1 1 1 2 hello\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "a = b = c = 1\n",
- "d , e , f = 1 , 2 , 'hello'\n",
- "print(a,b,c,d,e,f)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "#### 动态变量\n",
- "动态变量的意思是变量的值是可更改的,或者说,变量可以随时指向任意值。"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 32,
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "10\n",
- "20\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "var1 = 10\n",
- "print(var1)\n",
- "var1 = 20\n",
- "print(var1)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "### 编程要求\n",
- "\n",
- "同时定义4个变量,并给这四个变量分别赋值为整型,长整型,浮点型和复数。并输出这四个变量的值以及他们的数据类型。"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 47,
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "232\n",
- "1000.0\n",
- "232\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "# 本程序进行华氏温度和摄氏温度之间的转换\n",
- "# 请通过换算公式来计算相应的摄氏温度值,需给出Python表达式\n",
- "# 最终输出格式为:华氏**度=摄氏**度\n",
- "\n",
- "F = float(input()) # 华氏温度\n",
- "\n",
- "# 请在此添加实现代码 #\n",
- "# ********** Begin *********#\n",
- "C = ( F - 32 ) * 5 / 9 # 根据换算公式计算相应的摄氏温度值\n",
- "print(\"华氏%.2f度=摄氏%.2f度\" %(F, C)) #格式化字符串\n",
- "\n",
- "# ********** End **********#"
- ]
- }
- ],
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- "anaconda-cloud": {},
- "kernelspec": {
- "display_name": "Python 3",
- "language": "python",
- "name": "python3"
- },
- "language_info": {
- "codemirror_mode": {
- "name": "ipython",
- "version": 3
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- "file_extension": ".py",
- "mimetype": "text/x-python",
- "name": "python",
- "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
- "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
- "version": "3.8.2"
- }
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- "nbformat": 4,
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- }
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