|
@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@ |
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
|
|
|
|
|
"cells": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
|
|
|
|
|
"cell_type": "markdown", |
|
|
|
|
|
"metadata": { |
|
|
|
|
|
"collapsed": true |
|
|
|
|
|
}, |
|
|
|
|
|
"source": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
"### 任务描述\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"了解Python简单数据类型(数字)以及变量的定义,完成相关习题。\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"### 相关知识\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"#### Numbers数字" |
|
|
|
|
|
] |
|
|
|
|
|
}, |
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
|
|
|
|
|
"cell_type": "markdown", |
|
|
|
|
|
"metadata": {}, |
|
|
|
|
|
"source": [] |
|
|
|
|
|
}, |
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
|
|
|
|
|
"cell_type": "markdown", |
|
|
|
|
|
"metadata": {}, |
|
|
|
|
|
"source": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
"Python 数字数据类型用于存储数值。Numbers数字分为四种类型:\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"- 整型(Int) - 通常被称为是整型或整数,是正或负整数,不带小数点;\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"- 长整型(long) - 无限大小的整数,整数最后是一个大写或小写的L,如51924361L;\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"- 浮点型(float) - 浮点型由整数部分与小数部分组成,如15.20;\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"- 复数(complex) - 复数由实数部分和虚数部分构成,如a + bj,复数的虚部以字母J或j结尾。如3e+26J。" |
|
|
|
|
|
] |
|
|
|
|
|
}, |
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
|
|
|
|
|
"cell_type": "markdown", |
|
|
|
|
|
"metadata": {}, |
|
|
|
|
|
"source": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
"我们已经知道数字类型可分为四种类型,那么10和10.0分别属于什么类型呢?我们可以使用type()函数查看数据类型。" |
|
|
|
|
|
] |
|
|
|
|
|
}, |
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
|
|
|
|
|
"cell_type": "code", |
|
|
|
|
|
"execution_count": 35, |
|
|
|
|
|
"metadata": {}, |
|
|
|
|
|
"outputs": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
|
|
|
|
|
"name": "stdout", |
|
|
|
|
|
"output_type": "stream", |
|
|
|
|
|
"text": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
"<class 'int'> <class 'float'>\n" |
|
|
|
|
|
] |
|
|
|
|
|
} |
|
|
|
|
|
], |
|
|
|
|
|
"source": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
"# 使用print()函数输出/打印内容\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"x1 = 10\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"x2 = 10.0\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"print(type(x1),type(x2))" |
|
|
|
|
|
] |
|
|
|
|
|
}, |
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
|
|
|
|
|
"cell_type": "markdown", |
|
|
|
|
|
"metadata": {}, |
|
|
|
|
|
"source": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
"### 认识变量\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"什么是变量?在上一个案例中,x1、x2这种等号左边的就是属于变量。 变量可以指定不同的数据类型,比如整数,小数等。\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"#### 1、定义变量\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"变量名=变量值\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"其中等号=用来给变量赋值。\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"#### 2、变量命名规则:\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"① 变量名第一个字符必须是字母(大小写均可)或者下划线(“_”),不能数字开头;\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"② 变量名不能和常用功能性名字重合,例如print,if,for;\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"③ 不要有空格。" |
|
|
|
|
|
] |
|
|
|
|
|
}, |
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
|
|
|
|
|
"cell_type": "markdown", |
|
|
|
|
|
"metadata": {}, |
|
|
|
|
|
"source": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
"#### 变量赋值\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"以下代码展示了怎么给单个变量赋值。" |
|
|
|
|
|
] |
|
|
|
|
|
}, |
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
|
|
|
|
|
"cell_type": "code", |
|
|
|
|
|
"execution_count": 38, |
|
|
|
|
|
"metadata": {}, |
|
|
|
|
|
"outputs": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
|
|
|
|
|
"name": "stdout", |
|
|
|
|
|
"output_type": "stream", |
|
|
|
|
|
"text": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
"100\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"1000.0\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"John\n" |
|
|
|
|
|
] |
|
|
|
|
|
} |
|
|
|
|
|
], |
|
|
|
|
|
"source": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
"counter = 100 # 赋值整型变量\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"miles = 1000.0 # 浮点型\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"name = \"John\" # 字符串\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
" \n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"print(counter)\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"print(miles)\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"print(name)" |
|
|
|
|
|
] |
|
|
|
|
|
}, |
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
|
|
|
|
|
"cell_type": "markdown", |
|
|
|
|
|
"metadata": {}, |
|
|
|
|
|
"source": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
"#### 多变量赋值\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"以下代码展示了怎么给多个变量同时赋值。" |
|
|
|
|
|
] |
|
|
|
|
|
}, |
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
|
|
|
|
|
"cell_type": "code", |
|
|
|
|
|
"execution_count": 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
"metadata": {}, |
|
|
|
|
|
"outputs": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
|
|
|
|
|
"name": "stdout", |
|
|
|
|
|
"output_type": "stream", |
|
|
|
|
|
"text": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
"1 1 1 1 2 hello\n" |
|
|
|
|
|
] |
|
|
|
|
|
} |
|
|
|
|
|
], |
|
|
|
|
|
"source": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
"a = b = c = 1\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"d , e , f = 1 , 2 , 'hello'\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"print(a,b,c,d,e,f)" |
|
|
|
|
|
] |
|
|
|
|
|
}, |
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
|
|
|
|
|
"cell_type": "markdown", |
|
|
|
|
|
"metadata": {}, |
|
|
|
|
|
"source": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
"#### 动态变量\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"动态变量的意思是变量的值是可更改的,或者说,变量可以随时指向任意值。" |
|
|
|
|
|
] |
|
|
|
|
|
}, |
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
|
|
|
|
|
"cell_type": "code", |
|
|
|
|
|
"execution_count": 32, |
|
|
|
|
|
"metadata": {}, |
|
|
|
|
|
"outputs": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
|
|
|
|
|
"name": "stdout", |
|
|
|
|
|
"output_type": "stream", |
|
|
|
|
|
"text": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
"10\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"20\n" |
|
|
|
|
|
] |
|
|
|
|
|
} |
|
|
|
|
|
], |
|
|
|
|
|
"source": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
"var1 = 10\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"print(var1)\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"var1 = 20\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"print(var1)" |
|
|
|
|
|
] |
|
|
|
|
|
}, |
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
|
|
|
|
|
"cell_type": "markdown", |
|
|
|
|
|
"metadata": {}, |
|
|
|
|
|
"source": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
"### 编程要求\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"同时定义4个变量,并给这四个变量分别赋值为整型,长整型,浮点型和复数。并输出这四个变量的值以及他们的数据类型。" |
|
|
|
|
|
] |
|
|
|
|
|
}, |
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
|
|
|
|
|
"cell_type": "code", |
|
|
|
|
|
"execution_count": 47, |
|
|
|
|
|
"metadata": {}, |
|
|
|
|
|
"outputs": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
|
|
|
|
|
"name": "stdout", |
|
|
|
|
|
"output_type": "stream", |
|
|
|
|
|
"text": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
"232\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"1000.0\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"232\n" |
|
|
|
|
|
] |
|
|
|
|
|
} |
|
|
|
|
|
], |
|
|
|
|
|
"source": [ |
|
|
|
|
|
"# 本程序进行华氏温度和摄氏温度之间的转换\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"# 请通过换算公式来计算相应的摄氏温度值,需给出Python表达式\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"# 最终输出格式为:华氏**度=摄氏**度\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"F = float(input()) # 华氏温度\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"# 请在此添加实现代码 #\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"# ********** Begin *********#\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"C = ( F - 32 ) * 5 / 9 # 根据换算公式计算相应的摄氏温度值\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"print(\"华氏%.2f度=摄氏%.2f度\" %(F, C)) #格式化字符串\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"\n", |
|
|
|
|
|
"# ********** End **********#" |
|
|
|
|
|
] |
|
|
|
|
|
} |
|
|
|
|
|
], |
|
|
|
|
|
"metadata": { |
|
|
|
|
|
"anaconda-cloud": {}, |
|
|
|
|
|
"kernelspec": { |
|
|
|
|
|
"display_name": "Python 3", |
|
|
|
|
|
"language": "python", |
|
|
|
|
|
"name": "python3" |
|
|
|
|
|
}, |
|
|
|
|
|
"language_info": { |
|
|
|
|
|
"codemirror_mode": { |
|
|
|
|
|
"name": "ipython", |
|
|
|
|
|
"version": 3 |
|
|
|
|
|
}, |
|
|
|
|
|
"file_extension": ".py", |
|
|
|
|
|
"mimetype": "text/x-python", |
|
|
|
|
|
"name": "python", |
|
|
|
|
|
"nbconvert_exporter": "python", |
|
|
|
|
|
"pygments_lexer": "ipython3", |
|
|
|
|
|
"version": "3.8.2" |
|
|
|
|
|
} |
|
|
|
|
|
}, |
|
|
|
|
|
"nbformat": 4, |
|
|
|
|
|
"nbformat_minor": 1 |
|
|
|
|
|
} |