Add Sync Extensions for DiscordSocketClient

Command tweaks

Preconditions for commands

The new RequireContextAttribute works just like RequireDM/RequireGuild,
but is more powerful as developers can specify multiple 'contexts' for
their command to require using the ContextType flags.

Include XML Docs when building.

After a small discussion with Joe4evr on discord, a way of retrieving the
state of a module appeared to be needed. The new override should provide
enough context to a bot dev to allow them to do what they want.

Preconditions are still handled by CommandService.Execute

Adjust CDN url from 'discordappcdn.com' to 'discordcdn.com'

After our initial discussion on the matter (see #172) this is the system
that we all seem to have agreed on. As a result, I have implemented a
simple system which effectively implements permissions, while being
extensible and tweakable so bot devs can decide what they want to do for
permissions.

As for default 'permissions', I'm not sure what the best approach would be
here; bot devs are likely to implement their own permissions 'levels' and
use those. I think the most we could do for now is add attributes to
require certain users (by id) and certain roles (by id and possibly by
name?) This would probably be the best option for now as it requires less
work from us, nor do we know the *exact* approach bot devs want to take
with permissions.